circumstance = Umstand Sherwood simply has “This”. We follow Bateson’s translation. The German Umstand refers to a contingent situation, and Mendel clearly states in p. 10, s. 10 that he knows many character pairs for which hybrids are intermediate, and neither character is dominant or recessive; see also p. 23, s. 6.

determination = Bestimmung This term is often used in taxonomy to designate the act of identifying a taxon. The significance of dominance in hybrids for this is obvious: with complete dominance of trait, hybrids become indistiguishable from one of their parental types with respect to this trait; they can only be distinguished from them by the character distribution in their offspring; see p. 15, s. 7.

subordination = Einreihung The German term that Mendel chooses here derives from the verb einreihen, which means to place something into a specified, usually linear or hierarchical, order. Mendel probably has in mind what he later calls the “developmental series” of hybrids (see p. 17, s. 6). The context here is thus different from p. 6, s. 13, where Mendel uses the same term with respect to ranking forms according to the Linnaean hierarchy. Here, he seems to be simply talking about the classification of forms, not their ranking.

forms = Formen See p. 3, s. 8.