Für jeden einzelnen von den nachfolgenden Versuchen wurden 100 Pflanzen ausgewählt, welche in der ersten Generation das dominirende Merkmal besassen, und um die Bedeutung desselben zu prüfen, von jeder 10 Samen angebaut.
For each of the following trials, 100 plants were selected that possessed the dominating trait in the first generation, and in order to test its meaning, 10 seeds were cultivated from each of the selected plants.
trials = Versuchen See p. 3, s. 6.
dominating = dominirende See p. 10, s. 14.
first generation = ersten Generation Refers to what we would call F2 today (see p. 12, s. 3).
meaning = Bedeutung (See p. 15, s. 1). This sentence reveals that Mendel used traits as markers for underlying causal factors that determine the way in which the trait is transmitted to offspring. In this sense, Mendel clearly distinguished between traits and their genetic constitution, as we would call it today. The latter can only be revealed by testing offspring for their constancy.
from each of the selected plants = von jeder Grammatically, von jeder can only refer to “plant”. This means that 5 × 100 × 10 = 5000 plants were cultivated.