Bei der Bildung dieser Zellen betheiligen sich alle vorhandenen Elemente in völlig freier und gleichmässiger Anordnung, wobei nur die differirenden sich gegenseitig ausschliessen.
In the formation of these cells, all the elements participate in a totally free and and uniform arrangement, while only the differing ones mutually exclude each other.
elements = Elemente See p. 41, s. 6.
uniform = gleichmässiger More specifically, gleichmäßig mean “in equal proportions”. Mendel seems to suggest in this sentence that each fertilisation cell formed receives an equal amount of “elements”, which indicates that these are not particulate.
arrangement = Anordnung Sherwood has “fashion”, we follow Bateson. It is not very clear what Mendel has in mind with “arrangement”, perhaps he is using it in the sense of “distribution”. Nothing in the experiments he carried out, nor in his reasoning, points to some kind of architecture of the genetic material. On the other hand it seems clear that Mendel thought of cells as possessing some kind of organisation (see p. 42, s. 7ff.).
differing = differirend see p. 5, s. 5.
mutually exclude each other = sich gegenseitig ausschliessen That is, “fertilisation cells” cannot end up containing elements of different kind, in contrast to the “foundation cell” that is formed by their union.