Um die Beziehungen zu erkennen, in welchen die Hybridformen zu einander selbst und zu ihren Stammarten stehen, erscheint es als nothwendig, dass die Glieder der Entwicklungsreihe in jeder einzelnen Generation vollzählig der Beobachtung unterzogen werden.
In order to recognise the relationships in which the hybrid forms stand with respect to each other and to their parent-species, it seems necessary that in each generation all the members of the developmental series are subjected to observation.
hybrid forms = Hybridformen See p. 15, s. 7.
parent-species = Stammarten Bateson has “progenitors”, Sherwood has “parental types”. Literally, this compound noun means “stem species”, with the prefix Stamm- (“stem” or “stock”) being used as a genealogical metaphor to designate a line of ancestors (see p. 11, s. 12). Since Mendel uses “species” (Art) in a technical sense, we have tried to preserve this meaning by rendering Stammarten as “parent-species” throughout our translation. H. G. Bronn used Stammarten to translate “parent-species”, a term used by Darwin in his discussion of Gärtner’s hybridisation experiments, which Mendel annotated quite heavily; see Charles R. Darwin, Über die Entstehung der Arten im Thier- und Pflanzen-Reich durch natürliche Züchtung, oder, Erhaltung der vervollkommneten Rassen im Kampfe um’s Daseyn, 2nd ed., transl. by H. G. Bronn (Stuttgart: Schweizerbart, 1863), Mendel Museum, Collection of the Augustinian Abbey, p. 287, and Charles R. Darwin, On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life, 3rd ed. (London: John Murray, 1861), p. 281. Gärtner uses Stammarten as well, but generally seems to prefer expressions like Stammeltern, Stammvater or Stammmutter; see Carl Friedrich Gärtner, Versuche und Beobachtungen über die Bastarderzeugung im Pflanzenreich (Stuttgart: Hering, 1849), passim. The difference is significant since Stammart refers to a population through time whereas the latter expressions refer to individuals.
members of the developmental series = Glieder der Entwicklungsreihe Both Bateson and Sherwood have “members of the series”. Mendel uses terms here that have both biological and mathematical, or more precisely, combinatorial meanings (see p. 17, s. 6) which also connects to the overarching aim of his experiments defined earlier, namely to “follow the development of hybrids in their descendants” (p. 3, s. 3). On the term Glieder see p. 20, s. 12.
generation = Generation See p. 3, s. 8.