Zu diesem Zwecke wird die noch nicht vollkommen entwickelte Knospe geöffnet, das Schiffchen entfernt und jeder Staubfaden mittelst einer Pincette behutsam herausgenommen, worauf dann die Narbe sogleich mit den fremden Pollen belegt werden kann.
For this purpose, the not yet perfectly developed bud is opened, the keel removed and each filament carefully taken out with tweezers, whereupon the stigma can immediately be covered with the foreign pollen.
Henri Lecoq, whose work Mendel cites on p. 3, s. 4, provides a detailed description of the “operations” needed for artificial fertilisation, including the removal of anthers or “castration”, as he calls it; see Henri Lecoq, Von der natürlichen und künstlichen Befruchtung der Pflanzen, und von der Hybridation, nach ihren Beziehungen zu der Gärtnerei, zu der Land- und Forstwirthschaft (Weimar: Voigt, 1845), pp. 54–64.
keel = Schiffchen See p. 6, s. 2. Lecoq suggests to remove the keel with scissors (op. cit., 148).
filament = Staubfaden Both Bateson and Sherwood have “stamen”. Staubfaden designates one part of the stamen only, namely the filament to which the pollen-containing anther is attached. Since this sentence describes artificial fertilisation, it is clear that Mendel wants to say that the whole stamen is removed, including the anther. He uses filament metonymically, since this is the part which is grabbed by the pincer in order to avoid damaging the anther. Lecoq warns expressly against this danger (op. cit., p. 55).
covered = belegt Both Bateson and Sherwood have “dusted”. Mendel is using a term here that was used in the context of animal breeding; see Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, online-edition, s.v. “belegen” (1853).
foreign = fremden See p. 5, s. 6.