Die Umwandlung weit abstehender Arten kann immerhin erst im 5. oder 6. Versuchsjahre beendet sein, indem die Anzahl der verschiedenen Keimzellen, welche an der Hybride gebildet werden, mit den differirenden Merkmalen nach den Potenzen von 2 zunimmt.
The transformation of widely divergent species can after all be completed in the fifth or sixth year of the experiment only, since the number of different germ cells that are formed on the hybrid rises with the number of differing traits by the power of two.
widely divergent = weit abstehender Mendel chooses an unusual formulation, indicating not only difference, but actual distance in a real or imagined space. This makes sense, since read against the background of the preceding sentences it is clear that Mendel measures “affinity” by the number of “factors” that differ.
quantity = Anzahl See p. 3, s. 8.
germ cells = Keimzellen See p. 24, s. 4.
differing = differirenden See p. 5, s. 5.
by the power of two = nach den Potenzen von 2 Bateson has “in square ratio”. Mendel uses the formula he provided on p. 22, s. 9.